Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 239
Filter
1.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(3): 926-936, jun. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514292

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The dentogingival junction (DGJ) is an adaptation of the oral mucosa composed of epithelial and connective tissues intimately related with the mineralised tissues of the tooth. The histological evidence available is mainly based on studies in animals, separate evaluations of hard and soft tissues, and studies using conventional histological techniques that eliminate the enamel from preparations. The aim of this study was to carry out a review of the existing evidence on histological techniques available for study of the tooth and periodontium in conjunction in humans. A scoping review was carried out of the available literature referring to study of the tooth and the periodontium in conjunction in humans, in the Web of Science (WoS), EMBASE, Scopus and SciELO databases, using the terms "Histological Techniques"[Mesh]) and "Epithelial Attachment"[Mesh]. One hundred and fifty-nine articles were found, of which 54 were selected for full- text reading. Ten were finally included in the qualitative synthesis, and we applied the Anatomical Quality Assurance (AQUA) checklist for analysis the methodological quality of the selected articles. The results showed that the only articles with a low risk of bias in all five domains according to the AQUA criteria corresponded to Silva et al. (2011) and Agustín-Panadero et al. (2020). Finally, we conclude that the quality of the histological sections to observe tissues that simultaneously contain the tooth and the periodontium, is conditioned by the selected technique and by the care required in certain specific tasks during the histological processing of the samples.


La unión dentogingival (DGJ) es una adaptación de la mucosa oral compuesta por tejidos epitelial y conectivo íntimamente relacionados con los tejidos mineralizados del diente. La evidencia histológica disponible se basa principalmente en estudios en animales, evaluaciones separadas de tejidos duros y blandos y estudios utilizando técnicas histológicas convencionales que eliminan el esmalte de las preparaciones. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión de la evidencia existente sobre las técnicas histológicas disponibles para el estudio del diente y el periodonto en conjunto en humanos. Se realizó un scoping review de la literatura disponible referente al estudio del diente y el periodonto en conjunto en humanos, en las bases de datos Web of Science (WoS), EMBASE, Scopus y SciELO, utilizando los términos "Histological Techniques"[Mesh]) y "Epithelial Attachment"[Mesh]. Se encontraron 159 artículos, de los cuales 54 fueron seleccionados para lectura de texto completo. Diez fueron finalmente incluidos en la síntesis cualitativa, y se aplicó la lista de verificación Anatómica Quality Assurance (AQUA) para el análisis de la calidad metodológica de los artículos seleccionados. Los resultados mostraron que los únicos artículos con bajo riesgo de sesgo en los cinco dominios según los criterios AQUA correspondían a Silva et al. (2011) y Agustín-Panadero et al. (2020). Finalmente, concluimos que la calidad de los cortes histológicos para observar los tejidos que contienen simultáneamente el diente y el periodonto, está condicionada por la técnica seleccionada y por el cuidado requerido en ciertas tareas específicas durante el procesamiento histológico de las muestras.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Histological Techniques , Epithelial Attachment/anatomy & histology , Checklist , Gingiva/anatomy & histology , Periodontium/anatomy & histology
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(3): 743-748, jun. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514297

ABSTRACT

Con el objetivo de conservar material cadavérico, se han creado diferentes técnicas y/o soluciones donde una técnica es la diafanización dental para estudiar la morfología interna del diente. Esta técnica consta en trasparentar el tejido calcificado del diente haciendo visible los conductos radiculares al inyectar una mezcla colorante en ellos. Se han descrito diferentes variantes de la técnica de diafanización como la técnica de Okumura y la técnica de Robertson, pero ambas técnicas utilizan reactivos tóxicos o de difícil acceso, por lo que se ha realizado una búsqueda de reactivos de bajo costo y fácil acceso para realizar la técnica de diafanización, reportándose que la técnica de diafanización por maceración con KOH es válida para diafanizar dientes. El objetivo del presente estudio fue utilizar NaOH en la técnica de diafanización dental por maceración, como una variante de KOH al ser una base de similar característica que el KOH. Se utilizaron 13 dientes (siete tercer molares, cinco premolares y un canino) para realizar tres variantes de la técnica de diafanización: técnica de Robertson, por maceración con KOH y por maceración con NaOH utilizando barra agitadora y agitador magnético en los dientes. Con la técnica de Robertson se obtuvo un diente completamente transparentado, mientras que los dientes diafanizados por maceración, tanto con KOH y NaOH, se transparentaron menos, aunque se hicieron visibles los conductos radiculares, por lo que el uso de NaOH en la técnica de diafanización por maceración es válida, aunque requiere más tiempo que la maceración por KOH.


SUMMARY: To preserve cadaveric material, different techniques, and solutions have been created where one technique is dental diaphanization to study the internal morphology of the tooth. This technique consists of making the calcified tooth tissue transparent and making the root canals visible by injecting a dye mixture into them. Different variants of the diaphanization technique have been described, such as the Okumura and the Robertson techniques. However, both techniques use toxic or difficult-to-access reagents, so a search has been made for low- cost and easily accessible reagents to perform the diaphanization technique, reporting that the diaphanization technique by maceration with KOH is valid for the diaphanization of teeth. This study aimed to use NaOH in the dental clearing technique by maceration as a variant of KOH since it is a base with similar characteristics to KOH. Thirteen teeth (seven third molars, five premolars, and one canine) were used to perform three variants of the diaphanization technique: Robertson technique, KOH maceration, and NaOH maceration using a stirring bar and magnetic stirrer on the teeth. With the Robertson technique, a completely transparent tooth was obtained, while the teeth cleared by maceration, with both KOH and NaOH, were less transparent, although the root canals became visible. Therefore, using NaOH in the diaphanization technique by maceration is valid, although it requires more time than KOH maceration.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sodium Hydroxide , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Coloring Agents , Decalcification Technique
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(6): 1497-1503, dic. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421827

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Dental morphology (DM) is the first introduction of dental graduates towards the identification of tooth; hence it is an important component of the dental curriculum. Traditionally, it is taught by manual carving of wax blocks, but the limitations of this method have been highlighted. There is a need to adopt innovative teaching methodologies to invigorate the concepts of dental anatomy (DA) and reduce the stress in teaching and learning with a proposal in standardization of training methodologies worldwide. Methods: A three-phased project was designed with an aim to collect global data related to teaching dental morphology within the dental curriculum. One dental professional actively involved in university teaching of DM subject was invited from 11 countries. The present study involved compilation of data from phase 1 questionnaire responses, followed by its discussion and analysis, and generation of preliminary report. Results: It is universally acknowledged that acquiring dental morphology knowledge by dentists is a prerequisite before they commence clinical practice. Our data points that no uniformity in DA course modules exists throughout the world and globally the subject requires curriculum redesigning. Conclusions: Consensus should be achieved amongst academicians in DM teaching and learning context. Innovative and standardized DM modules with component of computer-based and remote learning techniques should also be introduced.


La morfología dental (MD) es el primer contacto de los estudiantes de odontología con la identificación del diente; por lo tanto, es un componente importante del plan de estudios de la carrera. Tradicionalmente, se enseña mediante el tallado manual de bloques de cera, pero se han destacado las limitaciones de este método. Existe la necesidad de adoptar metodologías de enseñanza innovadoras para dinamizar los conceptos de anatomía dental (AD) y reducir el estrés en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje con una propuesta de estandarización de metodologías de formación, a nivel mundial. Métodos: Se diseñó un proyecto de tres fases con el objetivo de recopilar datos globales relacionados con la enseñanza de la morfología dental dentro del plan de estudios dental. Se invitó a un profesional de la odontología de cada uno de 11 países que participa activamente en la enseñanza universitaria de la MD. Esto incluyó la recopilación de datos de las respuestas a un cuestionario en la fase 1, seguida de su discusión y análisis, y la generación de un informe preliminar. Resultados: Se reconoce universalmente que la adquisición de conocimientos de morfología dental por parte de los odontólogos es un requisito previo antes de comenzar la práctica clínica. Nuestros datos indican que no existe uniformidad en los módulos del curso de AD en todo el mundo, por lo que el tema requiere un rediseño del plan de estudios. Conclusiones: Debe lograrse consenso entre los académicos en el contexto de enseñanza y aprendizaje de MD. También se deben introducir módulos innovadores y estandarizados de MD con componentes de aprendizaje remoto y de base digital.


Subject(s)
Tooth/anatomy & histology , Curriculum , Education, Dental , Global Health
4.
Rev. Ateneo Argent. Odontol ; 66(1): 48-51, 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1380370

ABSTRACT

Los dientes animales de las diferentes especies (hu- mano, equino, cerdo, etc.) están constituidos histológi- camente por cuatro tejidos fundamentales. Ellos son: esmalte, dentina, cemento y pulpa dental. Su compo- sición, estructura, morfología y tamaño son disímiles para cada género. Según numerosas investigaciones, los dientes de bovino serían los de elección por ser de fácil obtención y por tener muy pocas, o ninguna, diferencias tanto a nivel macro como microscópico con respecto a los dientes humanos. El objetivo de la presente revisión es aportar información actualizada acerca de las características histológicas de los tejidos dentarios bovinos y profundizar el conocimiento de las similitudes y diferencias de los dientes bovinos y humanos dando soporte a otros estudios compa- rativos y promoviendo la utilización de las piezas dentarias bovinas en trabajos de investigación en odontología (AU)


The animal teeth of the different species (human, equine, pig, etc.) are histologically constituted by four fundamental tissues: enamel, dentin, cement and dental pulp. Their composition, structure, morphology and size are dissimilar for each gender. According to numerous investigations, bovine teeth would be the ones of choice because they are easy to obtain and have very few or no differences, both at the macro and microscopic levels, with respect to human teeth. The objective of this review is to provide updated information about the histological characteristics of bovine dental tissues and deepen the knowledge of the similarities and differences between bovine and human teeth, supporting other comparative studies and promoting the use of bovine dental pieces in research work in dentistry (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Cattle , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Cattle , Dental Research , Dental Cementum/anatomy & histology , Dental Enamel/anatomy & histology , Dental Pulp/anatomy & histology , Dentin/anatomy & histology
5.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(2): 407-413, 2022. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385603

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: This study aims to extract teeth and alveolar bone structures in CBCT images automatically, which is a key step in CBCT image analysis in the field of stomatology. In this study, semantic segmentation was used for automatic segmentation. Five marked classes of CBCT images were input for U-net neural network training. Tooth hard tissue (including enamel, dentin, and cementum), dental pulp cavity, cortical bone, cancellous bone, and other tissues were marked manually in each class. The output data were from different regions of interest. The network configuration and training parameters were optimized and adjusted according to the prediction effect. This method can be used to segment teeth and peripheral bone structures using CBCT. The time of the automatic segmentation process for each CBCT was less than 13 min. The Dice of the evaluation reference image was 98 %. The U-net model combined with the watershed method can effectively segment the teeth, pulp cavity, and cortical bone in CBCT images. It can provide morphological information for clinical treatment.


RESUMEN: El objetivo del presente estudio fue extraer estructuras dentarias y óseas alveolares desde imágenes CBCT automáticamente, lo cual es un paso clave en el análisis de imágenes CBCT en el campo de la estomatología. En este estudio, se utilizó la segmentación de tipo emántica para la segmentación automática. Se ingresaron cinco clases de imágenes CBCT marcadas, para el entrenamiento de la red neuronal U-net. El tejido duro del diente (incluidos esmalte, dentina y cemento), la cavidad de la pulpa dentaria, hueso cortical, hueso esponjoso y otros tejidos se marcaron manualmente en cada clase. Los datos se obtuvieron de diferentes regiones de interés. La configuración de la red y los parámetros de entrenamiento se optimizaron y ajustaron de acuerdo con un análisis predictivo. Este método se puede utilizar para segmentar dientes y estructuras óseas periféricas mediante CBCT. El tiempo del proceso de segmentación automática para cada CBCT fue menor a 13 min. El "Dice" de evaluación de la imagen de referencia fue de 98 %. El modelo U-net combinado con el método "watershed"puede segmentar eficazmente los dientes, la cavidad pulpar y el hueso cortical en imágenes CBCT. Puede proporcionar información morfológica para el tratamiento clínico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tooth/diagnostic imaging , Dental Pulp/diagnostic imaging , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Artificial Intelligence , Dental Pulp/anatomy & histology , Nerve Net
7.
Rev. odontol. UNESP (Online) ; 50: e20210031, 2021. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1352131

ABSTRACT

Introduction Dental practice professionals encounter several urgency cases, mainly related to endodontic problems. To attend to these, professionals need extensive prior preclinical training, being one of the main difficulties the search for models that simulate dental morphology. Aim To compare the external morphometry of multirooted artificial teeth to literature. Material and method The artificial teeth (Upper First Premolar, Upper First Molar and Lower First Molar) were donated by the manufacturers: Fábrica de Sorrisos (FS) and IM do Brasil LTDA (IM), totaling 30 teeth. The total length of the tooth and root, height and buccal-palatal and mesial-distal dimensions of the crown were measured with a digital pachymeter. The data were placed in a spreadsheet and the statistical analysis was performed [ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis and then, Dunnett's test (α=5%)]. Result The Upper Molar samples of the company Fábrica de Sorrisos presented all variables within the morphometric patterns described in the literature. The other dental groups presented statistically significant differences, maintaining or not a certain proportionality. Conclusion Of all the dental groups analyzed, the upper molar from the company Fábrica de Sorrisos was the only one that presented all the external morphometric aspects according to literature.


Introdução Dentro da prática odontológica, os profissionais podem receber diversos casos de urgência, principalmente relacionados a problemas endodônticos e, para atendê-los, há a necessidade de um extenso treinamento pré-clínico prévio, sendo uma das principais dificuldades a busca por modelos que simulem a morfologia dentária. Objetivo Comparar a morfometria de dentes artificiais polirradiculares à literatura. Material e método Os dentes artificiais (Primeiro Pré-molar Superior, Primeiro Molar Superior e Primeiro Molar Inferior) foram doados pelos fabricantes: Fábrica de Sorrisos (FS) e IM do Brasil Ltda. (IM), totalizando 30 dentes. Foi realizada mensuração do comprimento total do dente e o da raiz, da altura e das dimensões vestíbulo-palatina e mésio-distal da coroa, com paquímetro digital. Os dados foram dispostos em uma planilha de cálculo e realizou-se a análise estatística [ANOVA ou Kruskal-Wallis e, após, teste de Dunnett (α=5%)]. Resultado A amostra de molares superiores da empresa FS apresentou todas as variáveis dentro dos padrões morfométricos descritos na literatura. Os demais grupos dentários apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes, mantendo ou não certa proporcionalidade. Conclusão De todos os grupos dentários pesquisados o molar superior da empresa FS foi o único que apresentou todos os aspectos morfométricos externos de acordo com os dados da literatura.


Subject(s)
Reference Standards , Tooth, Artificial , Analysis of Variance , Endodontics , Literature , Molar , Tooth/anatomy & histology
8.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(5): 1317-1324, oct. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134442

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Statistical testing methods are essential tools to measure and analyze the data obtained through research in dental morphology. This descriptive study analyzes the different statistical testing methods in order to suggest its appropriate use and manage in the interpretation and analysis of quantitative and/or qualitative data of dentistry investigations. The knowledge obtained through this study could orient students and/or interested professionals to decide, with theoretical basis, which one to use in the development of their research.


RESUMEN: Los métodos de pruebas estadísticas son herramientas esenciales para medir y analizar los datos obtenidos a través de la investigación en morfología dental. Este estudio descriptivo analiza los diferentes métodos de pruebas estadísticas con el fin de sugerir su uso apropiado y gestionarlo en la interpretación y análisis de datos cuantitativos y / o cualitativos de las investigaciones odontológicas. El conocimiento obtenido a través de este estudio podría orientar a los estudiantes y / o profesionales interesados a decidir, con base teórica, cuál utilizar en el desarrollo de su investigación.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Cross-Sectional Studies , Statistics as Topic , Dentistry , Data Analysis
9.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(5): 1325-1329, oct. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134443

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: To explore a new semi-automatic method to segment the teeth from the three-dimensional volume data which acquired from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanner. Scanned dental cast models are used to evaluate the segmentation accuracy. The CBCT data are loaded to ORS software. Based on gray value, a semi-automatic method was used to segment teeth and then the segmented teeth were saved in STL format data. Smooth the mesh data in the Geomagic Studio software. The upper and lower dental cast models were scanned by a white light scanner and the data was saved in STL format too. After registering the model data to teeth data, the deviation between them was analyzed in the Geomagic Qualify. All teeth could be obtained, the method is simple to use and applied in orthodontic biomechanics. The entire process took less than 30 minutes. The actual measured Root Mean Square (RMS) value is 0.39 mm, less than 0.4 mm. This method can segment teeth from the jaw quickly and reliably with a little user intervention. The method has important significance for dental orthodontics, virtual jaw surgery simulation and other stomatology applications.


RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar un nuevo método semiautomático para segmentar los dientes a partir de datos de volumen tridimensional adquiridos mediante escáner de tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (CBCT). Los modelos escaneados de moldes dentales se utilizan para evaluar la precisión de la segmentación. Para los datos CBCT se utilizó el software ORS, y basado en el valor gris, se usó un método semiautomático para segmentar los dientes los que posteriormente se guardaron en datos de formato STL. Los datos se ingresaron en el software Geomagic Studio. Los modelo dentales superior e inferior se escanearon con un escáner de luz blanca y la información también se guardó en formato STL. Después del registro y comparación de los datos del modelo y los datos de los dientes, la desviación entre estos se analizó en el programa Geomagic Qualify. Usando este método fue posible obtener de forma fácil todos los dientes y además aplicar en la biomecánica de ortodoncia. El proceso completo demoró menos de 30 minutos. El valor real medido de la raíz cuadrada media fue de 0,39 mm, menos de 0,4 mm. Este método puede segmentar los dientes mandibulares de forma rápida y confiable, con una mínima intervención del usuario. El método tiene una importancia crítica para la ortodoncia, simulaciones virtuales de las cirugías de la mandíbula y otras aplicaciones en estomatología.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tooth/diagnostic imaging , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Orthodontics/methods , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Software
10.
Odovtos (En línea) ; 22(2)ago. 2020.
Article in English | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386479

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Kabuki syndrome consists in a series of congenital anomalies involving intellectual disability, hypotonia, and facial and body dysmorphism. In addition to these cardinal signs, craniofacial and dental changes are frequently observed, although they are not fully understood. Thus, the aim of this article is to present the dental findings in patients with Kabuki syndrome. This is a systematic review developed according to the PRISMA protocol. A search strategy with descriptors ("kabuki syndrome" AND "dentistry") was applied to six databases. As inclusion criteria, we selected clinical case reports that addressed dental findings in one or more patients with Kabuki syndrome between 1999 and 2019, without restrictions regarding gender, age or language. Data collection in all databases was performed by a calibrated evaluator and titles, abstracts and full-text studies were systematically analyzed. Eleven case reports that fit the proposed inclusion criteria were found. After the qualitative synthesis, teeth absence or agenesis were the most reported findings, being observed by nine authors. Less frequent dental findings in patients with this syndrome are taurodontism, microdontia, fusion, gemination and conical or screwdriver-shaped teeth. In fact, when any syndrome or genetic condition is related to manifestations of dental interest, the dental surgeon should be able to investigate them, especially teeth agenesis or absence. For this reason, the dentist should be aware of the manifestations of Kabuki syndrome, contributing to patients' understanding and management.


Resumen: El síndrome de Kabuki consiste en una serie de anomalías congénitas que involucran discapacidad intelectual, hipotonía y dismorfismo facial y corporal. Además de estos signos cardinales, con frecuencia se observan cambios craneofaciales y dentales, aunque no se entienden completamente. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo es presentar los hallazgos dentales en pacientes con síndrome de Kabuki. Esta es una revisión sistemática desarrollada de acuerdo con el protocolo PRISMA. Se aplicó una estrategia de búsqueda con descriptores ("síndrome de kabuki" AND "odontología") a seis bases de datos. Como criterios de inclusión, seleccionamos informes de casos clínicos que abordaban los hallazgos dentales en uno o más pacientes con síndrome de Kabuki entre 1999 y 2019, sin restricciones de género, edad o idioma. La recolección de datos en todas las bases de datos fue realizada por un evaluador calibrado y los títulos, resúmenes y estudios de texto completo fueron analizados sistemáticamente. Se encontraron once informes de casos que se ajustan a los criterios de inclusión propuestos. Después de la síntesis cualitativa, la ausencia de dientes o la agenesia fueron los hallazgos más reportados, siendo observados por nueve autores. Los hallazgos dentales menos frecuentes en pacientes con este síndrome son taurodoncia, microdoncia, fusión, geminación y dientes cónicos o con forma de destornillador. De hecho, cuando cualquier síndrome o condición genética se relaciona con manifestaciones de interés dental, el cirujano dental debe poder investigarlas, especialmente la agenesia o ausencia de los dientes. Por esta razón, el dentista debe ser consciente de las manifestaciones del síndrome de Kabuki, lo que contribuye a la comprensión y el manejo de los pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Intellectual Disability , Anodontia
11.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(4): 970-974, Aug. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124884

ABSTRACT

El estudio morfológico de la dentadura de chondrichthyes representa un carácter taxonómico importante empleado para la clasificación e identificación de diferentes especies. Se diafanizaron dientes de cuatro especies distintas de selacimorfos (Carcharhinus leucas, Galeocerdo cuvier, Rhizoprionodon longurio y Sphyrna sp.) con la finalidad de estandarizar una técnica dental para su transparentación. Estandarizando la técnica de Okumura-Aprile aplicada para la diafanización dental de humanos, se obtuvo una diafanización óptima en las cuatro especies en tratamiento con HCl al 7 % donde se podía observar con claridad la cámara pulpar, por lo que podemos concluir que la técnica de Okumura-Aprile es eficiente en la diafanización dental de tiburones.


The morphological study of the chondrichthyes teeth represents an important taxonomic characteristic used for the classification and identification of different species. The teeth of four different species of selacimorphs (Carcharhinus leucas, Galeocerdo cuvier, Rhizoprionodon longurio and Sphyrna sp.) were diaphonized in order to standardize a dental technique for their transparency. By standardizing the Okumura-Aprile technique applied for the dental diaphonization of humans, an optimal diaphonization was obtained in the four species treated with 7 % HCl where the pulp chamber was clearly observed. Therefore, we may conclude that the OkumuraAprile technique is efficient in shark dental diaphonization.


Subject(s)
Animals , Sharks/anatomy & histology , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Decalcification Technique/methods , Sharks/classification
12.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 14(2): 177-182, June 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090672

ABSTRACT

Revitalization procedures have been extensively studied during the last decade and offers several advantages over root canal treatment, such as the recovery of the natural immune system. Mature teeth have a small apical foramen diameter (AFD), which could impair the ingrowth of tissue into the root canal. We analysed three methods for apical foramen enlargement by instrumentation in in situ human teeth and evaluated the damage over hard tissues produced by the techniques. Tooth length (TL), defined as the length from the most coronal part of the crown to the point at which the file abandons the root canal, was calculated. Forty-four in situ teeth were randomized: Group I: instrumentation 0.5 mm coronal to TL; Group II: at TL level; Group III: 0.5 mm beyond TL. Teeth were instrumented up to K-file #80. The mandibles were scanned in a micro-CT device before and after treatment. Group I: Only 20 % of teeth presented an enlarged AFD, with augmentation of 0.09 mm. No damage to hard tissues was observed. Group II: 71.4 % of the teeth presented an enlarged AFD with augmentation of 0.42 mm. 35.7 % presented damage to periapical tissues. Group III: 86.7 % presented an enlarged AFD with augmentation of 0.43 mm. 46.7 % presented damage to periapical tissues. All groups presented similar prevalence of teeth with dentine thickness less than 1mm. All mandibular incisors presented areas of thickness less than 1mm. Instrumentation 0.5 mm beyond TL is the most effective technique.


La revitalización de dientes necróticos ha sido ampliamente estudiada durante la última década y ofrece varias ventajas sobre la endodoncia convencional, tal como la recuperación del sistema inmunitario natural del diente. Los dientes maduros tienen un diámetro de foramen apical (FA) pequeño, lo que podría afectar el crecimiento de tejido en el conducto. Se evaluaron tres métodos para la ampliación del foramen apical en dientes humanos in situ y se evaluó el daño sobre los tejidos duros producidos por las técnicas. Mediante radiografía periapical se calculó la longitud del diente (TL), definida como la longitud desde la parte más coronal de la corona hasta el punto en que la lima abandonó el conducto radicular. En el estudio fueron aleatorizados 44 dientes in situ: Grupo I: instrumentación 0,5 mm coronal a TL; Grupo II: a nivel TL; Grupo III: 0,5 mm más allá de TL. Los dientes fueron instrumentados hasta la lima K #80. Las mandíbulas se escanearon en un dispositivo de microCT antes y después del tratamiento. Grupo I: solo el 20 % de los dientes presentaron un diámetro de FA ensanchado, con un aumento de 0,09 mm. No se observó daño a los tejidos duros. Grupo II: el 71,4 % de los dientes presentaban un FA ensanchado con un aumento de 0,42 mm. El 35,7 % presentó daño a los tejidos periapicales. Grupo III: el 86,7 % presentó un FA ensanchado con un aumento de 0,43 mm. El 46,7 % presentó daño a los tejidos periapicales. Todos los grupos presentaron una prevalencia similar de dientes con un espesor de dentina inferior a 1mm. Todos los incisivos mandibulares presentaban áreas de grosor inferior a 1mm. La instrumentación 0,5 mm más allá de TL es la técnica más efectiva, aunque se debe tener especial consideración en aspectos como el debilitamiento de la estructura dentaria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tooth/diagnostic imaging , Tooth Apex/diagnostic imaging , X-Ray Microtomography , Regenerative Endodontics , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Cadaver , Tooth Apex/anatomy & histology
13.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(2): 322-327, abr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056442

ABSTRACT

La estimación de edad compone un aspecto importante en investigaciones forenses. Diferentes métodos se han descrito en odontología forense basadas en la correlación entre la edad y estructuras dentales. Cameriere et al. proponen un método cuantitativo para estimación de edad en adultos, a partir de la evaluación de la relación del área pulpa/diente, en base a la aposición de dentina secundaria. El objetivo del estudio fue desarrollar modelos de regresión para la estimación de edad dental mediante la relación área pulpa/diente en caninos inferiores en una muestra Chilena. Se analizaron 212 radiografías periapicales digitales (RPD) (86 hombres y 126 mujeres) de caninos mandibulares mediante el programa Image J para establecer el área de la pulpa y el diente. Se registraron los datos de sexo y edad de las RPD seleccionadas en forma ciega. Fueron desarrollados modelos de regresión lineal simples para la estimación de edad. El coeficiente de determinación para R33 fue 27,8 % y de 29,6 % para R44, con un error absoluto medio de 11,02 años y 10,37 años respectivamente. El análisis de ANOVA no mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas para las relaciones área pulpa/diente de caninos según sexo (p> 0,05). Según los resultados obtenidos, la metodología propuesta por Cameriere et al. es fiable para estimar la edad dental mediante la relación área pulpa/diente en adultos. Sin embargo, en los modelos de regresión desarrollados para la población Chilena, se puede afirmar que el ajuste indicado por los coeficientes de determinación muestran incerteza entre las variables área pulpa/diente y edad cronológica en caninos inferiores, por lo tanto se sugiere considerar otros métodos adicionales para estimar edad en esta población.


Age estimation is an important aspect In forensic investigations. Different methods in forensic odontology based on the correlation between age estimation in adults, from the analysis of the pulp/tooth area, based on the apposition of secondary dentine. The aim of the study was to develop regression models for the dental age estimation by the relation pulp/tooth area, in lower canines in a Chilean sample, using digital peri-apical radiographs (DPR) applying Cameriere's method. We analyzed 212 DPR (86 males and 126 females) mandibular canines through Image J program to measure the pulp/tooth area. Age and sex information was obtained of the DPR's blindly selected. We developed simple linear regression models for age estimation. The coefficient of determination to R33 was R2 age and dental structures have been described. Cameriere et al. proposed a quantitative method for 27.8 % and R2 29.6 % to R44, with a mean absolute error of 11.02 years, to R33 and 10.37 years to R44. ANOVA analysis showed no statistically significant differences for the pulp/tooth relation area of canines according to sex (p> 0.05). According to the results, the Cameriere's et al., method is reliable for dental age estimation according to pulp/tooth ratio in adults. However, in the regression models developed for Chilean population, it can be stated that the adjustment indicated by the coefficients of determination, show uncertainty between the pulp / tooth area and chronological age in lower canines, therefore it is suggested to use additional estimation methods for age in this population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Age Determination by Teeth/methods , Radiography, Dental, Digital/methods , Dental Pulp/anatomy & histology , Tooth/diagnostic imaging , Logistic Models , Chile , Analysis of Variance , Dental Pulp/diagnostic imaging , Age and Sex Distribution , Forensic Dentistry
14.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 14(1): 124-130, mar. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056511

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: En la historia de la Endodoncia, se han utilizado distintos métodos para determinar la longitud de los canales radiculares, como sensación táctil y radiografías. Últimamente, han adquirido gran importancia los localizadores apicales electrónicos, por su gran precisión. Actualmente se ha incorporado el uso de imagenología con Cone Beam. Debido a que existen muchas formas de medir dicha longitud, es necesario ponerlos a prueba y ver si se asemejan a la técnica gold estándar definida en la literatura como el localizador electrónico de foramen apical. El propósito de esta investigación es determinar si existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la medida de la longitud de trabajo entre el localizador electrónico de foramen apical, y el uso de Cone Beam procesado con el software 3D endo de Dentsply Sirona. Para esto, se seleccionaron 30 premolares extraídos; se les tomó un Cone Beam para ser analizados con el software 3D endo y medir la longitud de trabajo. Una vez hecho esto, se realizó manualmente cavidad de acceso y se preparó el tercio cervical con fresas Gates Glidden 1 y 2; luego, los dientes fueron colocados en un modelo Pro Train, que asemejó las propiedades de los dientes en la cavidad oral, para permitir el uso del localizador electrónico de foramen y determinar la longitud de trabajo. Una vez obtenidos los datos, fueron comparados a través del Test de Proporciones (p=0.05 hipotético), dando como resultado p=0,2 lo que indica que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la medida de la longitud de trabajo entre ambos métodos.


ABSTRACT: Various methods have been used in the history of endodontics, to determine the length of the root canals (working length), such as tactile sensation and X-rays. Recently, apical locators have acquired importance, due to their precision. The use of Cone Beam has now also been incorporated. Because there are many ways to measure this length, it is necessary to test them and see if they resemble the standard gold measurement technique defined in the literature as the electronic apex locators. The purpose of this research is to determine whether there are statistically significant differences in the working length between the electronic apex locators, and the use of Cone Beam processed with the Software 3D Endo by Dentsply Sirona. For this, 30 extracted pre-molars were selected, for Cone Beam tomography and 3D endo Software analysis, to measure the working length. Once this was carried out, cavity preparation was performed manually, and the cervical third approached with gates glidden drills 1 and 2. Subsequently, the teeth were placed in a Pro Train model, which resembled the properties of the teeth in the oral cavity, to allow the use of the electronic apex locators to determine the working length.Once the data were obtained, they were compared through the proportions Test (p = 0.05 hypothetical), resulting in p = 0.2, indicating that there are no statistically significant differences in the working length between the two methods.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Software , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methods , Endodontics/standards , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Chile , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Odontometry
16.
J. appl. oral sci ; 28: e20190148, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056580

ABSTRACT

Abstract The site of the sinus tract depends on the rate of resistance against abscess exudate drainage, bone morphology, and distance from the root apex to the outer cortical bone. Objective To assess apical bone thickness in buccal and palatal/lingual aspects of maxillary and mandibular teeth, using a high-resolution cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) system. Methodology In total, 422 CBCT examinations were included in the study, resulting in a sample of 1400 teeth. The scans were acquired by PreXion 3D, with a high-resolution protocol. The bone thickness was taken as the distance between the center of the apical foramen and the buccal and lingual/palatal cortical bone. The quantitative variables were expressed as mean values±standard deviation. The independent samples were analyzed using the t-test or the Mann-Whitney test (p<0.05). Results The lowest mean value of bone thickness was observed in the buccal cortical bone of the upper canines (1.49 mm±0.86) and in the upper central incisors (1.59 mm±0.67). In premolar teeth, the lowest values were found in the buccal cortical bone of upper first premolars (1.13 mm±0.68). In the posterior teeth, the lowest values were found in the buccal cortical bone of upper first molars (1.98 mm±1.33). In the lower second molar region, the buccal cortical bone (8.36 mm±1.84) was thicker than the lingual cortical bone (2.95 mm±1.16) (p<0.05). Conclusions The lowest mean values of bone thickness are in the buccal cortical bone of the maxillary teeth. In the mandible, bone thickness is thinner in the buccal bone around the anterior and premolar teeth, and in the lingual aspect of mandibular molars. All these anatomic characteristics could make the occurrence of the sinus tract more susceptible in these specific regions of the maxillary and mandibular alveolar bone.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Maxilla/anatomy & histology , Reference Values , Tooth/diagnostic imaging , Statistics, Nonparametric , Mandible/diagnostic imaging , Maxilla/diagnostic imaging , Odontometry/methods
17.
J. appl. oral sci ; 28: e20190103, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1056583

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective This study aimed to assess the association between tooth size and root canal morphology by using CBCT analysis. Methodology In this retrospective study, tooth anatomic lengths (crown and root lengths, buccolingual and mesiodistal dimensions) of 384 patients were assessed and correlated with Vertucci's root canal morphology classification. Data was analyzed for gender-related differences using the independent sample t-test, ANOVA, and the Pearson's correlation for a possible relation between anatomic lengths and canal morphology. Results The maxillary first and second premolars showed a greater predilection for Type IV and II variants, respectively, while the mandibular first premolar showed a greater predilection for Type II canal system. The root canal system of the mandibular second premolar showed maximal diversity (47% Type I, 30% Type II, and 20% Type III). The dimensions were greater in men regardless of tooth type. The most significant relation (p<0.05) between the anatomic size and canal morphology was observed in the maxillary first premolars, followed by the mandibular canines (buccolingual dimension) and the lower second premolars (crown length). Negative correlations existed between the crown length and the patient's age for the anterior teeth and mandibular second premolar (r=−0.2, p<0.01). Conclusions The most common canal formation for anterior teeth was the Type I. The anatomic lengths had the strongest influence on the canal configuration of the maxillary first premolar, with Type IV being the most common root canal system. The mandibular second premolars showed maximal diversity in the canal classification terms and had a significant correlation with their crown lengths. Clinical Relevance The complex relationship between the canal morphology and anatomic tooth sizes need meticulous awareness and recognition during endodontic procedures, in conjunction with the demographic variabilities.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Tooth/diagnostic imaging , Dental Pulp Cavity/anatomy & histology , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Reference Values , Tooth/anatomy & histology , United States , Sex Factors , Retrospective Studies , Analysis of Variance , Dental Pulp Cavity/diagnostic imaging , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Mandible/diagnostic imaging , Maxilla/anatomy & histology , Maxilla/diagnostic imaging , Odontometry/methods
18.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 48(2): e234, abr.-jun. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1126622

ABSTRACT

La caries dental es tan antigua como la humanidad misma, es considerada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud como el primer problema de salud bucal, su incremento se ha asociado al desarrollo social y a las variaciones en los hábitos dietéticos de las poblaciones. En estudios realizados en los últimos años, se ha determinado una tendencia a la disminución de esta enfermedad. El problema fundamental en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la caries dental es la decisión de cuándo y cómo obturar un diente afectado por caries. El objetivo primario es ampliar la visión sobre las posibilidades terapéuticas y profundizar en los conocimientos teóricos y prácticos sobre los tratamientos preventivos, curativos no invasivos e invasivos utilizados contra la caries dental. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de textos impresos y búsqueda en internet sobre caries dental, frecuencia y conducta adecuada por parte los estomatólogos generales. Se concluye que todo estomatólogo general, debe conocer la importancia de la promoción y la prevención permanente en los pacientes para evitar las caries dentales, así como las indicaciones, técnica de empleo y los requisitos para aplicar en la práctica diaria, los materiales restaurativos(AU)


Dental caries is as old as human race, it is considered by the World Health Organization as the first oral health problem, its increase has been associated with social development and variations in dietary habits of populations. In studies carried out in recent years, a tendency to decrease this disease has been determined. The fundamental problem in the diagnosis and treatment of dental caries is the decision of when and how to seal a tooth affected by caries. The primary objective is to broaden the vision of the therapeutic possibilities and to deepen the theoretical and practical knowledge about preventive, non-invasive and invasive curative treatments used against dental caries. A literature review of printed texts and internet search on dental caries, frequency and appropriate behavior of general stomatologists was carried out. It is concluded that every general stomatologist should know the importance of the promotion and permanent prevention in patients to avoid tooth decay, as well as the indications, technique of use and requirements to apply restorative materials in daily practice.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl , Oral Health/education , Dental Caries/diagnostic imaging
19.
RFO UPF ; 24(1): 114-119, 29/03/2019. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1048463

ABSTRACT

Introdução: o edentulismo é um problema bastante comum, e o conhecimento adequado da anatomia e da fisiologia da cavidade oral é essencial na recuperação e no equilíbrio neuromuscular do sistema estomatognático. O uso das linhas de referência juntamente com o plano oclusal orientam o posicionamento dos dentes artificias, que são utilizados para construção das próteses totais. Objetivo: comparar as medidas extraorais com as intraorais da largura dos dentes anteriores com as medidas das linhas de referências preconizadas na literatura para confecção de uma prótese total. Métodos: estudo do tipo observacional transversal, com amostra não probabilística, com 50 indivíduos de ambos os gêneros, no quais se realizou uma análise dentária e facial com auxílio de fotografias e um paquímetro digital. Resultados: foi observado que, na maioria dos indivíduos, não houve coincidência entre a largura dos dentes e as linhas de referência analisadas, que as mulheres apresentaram menor coincidência entre os dentes e a largura da asa do nariz, quando comparadas com os homens (8,3% e 91,7%, respectivamente), com p = 0,001. Conclusão: as linhas de referência não foram coincidentes com o tamanho dos dentes na maioria dos casos avaliados. (AU)


Introduction: edentulism is a fairly common problem, and adequate knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the oral cavity is essential in the recovery and neuromuscular balance of the stomatognathic system. The use of reference lines together with the occlusal plane guide the positioning of the artificial teeth, which are used to construct the total dentures. Objective: to compare the extra-oral and intra-oral measurements of the width of the anterior teeth with the measurements of the reference lines recommended in the literature for making a total prosthesis. Methods: cross-sectional observational study with a non-probabilistic sample, with 50 individuals of both sexes, where a dental and facial analysis was carried out using photographs and a digital caliper. Results: it was observed that most of the individuals analyzed did not coincide between the width of the teeth and the reference lines, and that the analyzed women showed less coincidence between teeth and the width of the nose wing when compared with men (8.3% and 91.7%, respectively), with p = 0.001. Conclusion: the reference lines did not coincide with tooth size in most cases analysed. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Dental Prosthesis Design/methods , Dental Occlusion , Odontometry/methods , Reference Values , Chi-Square Distribution , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Anatomic Landmarks
20.
Journal of Forensic Medicine ; (6): 737-743, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-985073

ABSTRACT

In recent years, individual age estimation has gained increasing attention in forensic practice. Common age estimation methods mainly use developments of teeth and bones. Compared with bones, teeth are stronger and are highly resistant to external factors, therefore plays an important role in age estimation. Demirjian's method is one of the most commonly used methods to evaluate dental age and has been widely used in many countries. In this paper, the accuracy of its application in different populations is reviewed. It is found that compared with the chronological ages, most of the estimated ages are overestimated. By combining research results of many scholars and by analyzing, it can be assumed that this situation may be related with race, region, sex, etc.


Subject(s)
Age Determination by Teeth , Forensic Dentistry/standards , Research/trends , Tooth/anatomy & histology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL